The Butcher's Handbook
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Sub-Primal

A secondary division of meat from primal cuts, often sold to restaurants or further processed into retail cuts.

Sub-Primal: The Intermediate Division

A sub-primal is a secondary division of meat derived from primal cuts. These intermediate portions are often sold to restaurants or further processed into retail cuts. Sub-primals represent a balance between the large primal cuts and individual retail portions.

Relationship to Primals

Sub-primals are created by:

  • Further division: Breaking down primal cuts into smaller sections
  • Muscle separation: Following natural boundaries within primals
  • Market specification: Creating portions that meet specific demand
  • Efficiency optimization: Balancing size with usability

Common Examples

Typical sub-primals include:

  • Strip loin: From the beef loin primal
  • Tenderloin (PSMO): Peeled, side muscle on tenderloin
  • Ribeye roll: From the rib primal
  • Top round: From the round primal

Commercial Applications

Sub-primals serve several purposes:

  • Restaurant sales: Appropriate size for commercial kitchens
  • Further processing: Base for creating individual cuts
  • Inventory management: Intermediate portioning level
  • Value preservation: Maintaining cut integrity

Benefits

Using sub-primals provides:

  • Reduced waste: More precise portioning
  • Cost efficiency: Economical shipping and storage
  • Quality maintenance: Preserving cut characteristics
  • Processing flexibility: Adaptable to market needs

Related Terms